Strong hydrogen predictions bring a new dimension to the forces of geopolitics
The gas crisis in Europe could accelerate the transition to clean energy and the introduction of green hydrogen as a possible alternative to oil and gas, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena).
“Price fluctuations have become part of oil and gas,” Francesco La Camera, Irena’s chief executive, told the Financial Times. “Moving to a new electrical pathway, where hydrogen plays an important role, makes us less suffering.”
The production of green hydrogen, made from water and the use of renewable energy, has become a major issue in many countries as it plans to reduce emissions by “zero zero” by 2050.
Irena’s report released on Saturday predicted that the oil and gas geopolitics, in which industrialized nations have the potential to attract prices, would decrease as new oil and hydrogen levels begin to rise.
It also said that a “new drawing of geopolitics forces” and a revised “hydrogen diplomacy” would come around the world.
“We hope that the geopolitics of energy in 2050 will be less than it is now, because people do not rely so much on small markets that could affect global markets in the unpredictable way we have today,” said Elizabeth Press, chief executive of the agency. Irena. preparation.
La Camera said the green hydrogen market is already growing “faster than we saw a few months ago”, pointing to recent countries in Germany, Uruguay and Brazil.
Irena estimates that hydrogen could supply 12 percent of the world’s energy by 2050 if global warming were significantly reduced to 1.5C.
But the market will be “in more places than the world”, La Camera predicted that more countries would be able to produce natural gas. As a result, profits were not possible to reach the levels that are normally enjoyed by oil and gas producers, he added.
Large energy users, including the US, China, EU, Japan, India and South Korea, have already made hydrogen a major part of their energy plans.
About $ 65bn has been set aside for hydrogen production over the next decade, Germany, France and Japan need to invest more.
Although the air is hard to carry, it can be converted into ammonia for long-distance transmission, or sent through existing gas pipelines. A small amount of hydrogen ammonia was exported to Japan last year from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
Irena, a group from Abu Dhabi with more than 160 divisions, conducted a study that found that Australia, Chile, Saudi Arabia, Morocco and the US were well placed to become hydrogen producers, thanks to support systems and the availability of renewable energy. .
Oil producers can also change the production of hydrogen instead of oil and gas. Saudi Arabia, which wants to stop relying on oil and gas, said this week it wants to become the world’s cheapest producer of green hydrogen.
There are two main ways to produce hydrogen: green hydrogen is produced using renewable energy, and blue hydrogen is produced from gas.
To achieve seasonal goals, blue hydrogen should be combined with oxygen capture to reduce carbon dioxide and methane emissions.
The recent rise in gas prices has made the green hydrogen resource appear more attractive than the blue hydrogen, which requires more gas to be released.
Irena’s report anticipates that green hydrogen will reach a high price by blue hydrogen by 2030 in most countries, although some studies indicate that by 2040. making.
“Current trends underscore the need for urgent change,” Press said. It shows that we need a strong diversity that can make it safer, safer and more diverse. ”
Types of hydrogen rainbow
© Christopher Furlong / Getty Images
Green hydrogen It is made using clean electricity from renewable energy technologies to electrolyte fluid (H2O), separating the hydrogen atom inside it from its twin atmosphere. Right now very expensive
Blue hydrogen It is made using natural gas but with air taken up and stored, or reused. Limited production due to lack of graphic design projects
Gray hydrogen This is the most common form of hydrogen production. It is derived from natural gas through the conversion of methane steam but does not emit gas
Brown hydrogen The cheapest way to produce hydrogen and to do more damage to the environment through the use of coal-fired power plants.
Turquoise hydrogen They use a process called methane pyrolysis to produce hydrogen and solid carbon. Not guaranteed on a scale. Anxiety surrounding methane leakage
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