In their 100th year, who did the China Communist Party sanctify? | Another Story
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China’s 100-year history of the Communist Party is not only about reform and reform, but also about violence.
From the Mao Zedong Culture to the Deng Xiaoping Center in Tiananmen Square and the Xi Jinping Corruption War, CCP leaders did not hesitate to do whatever they could to maintain their power.
Nowhere is this more evident than in the midst of a cleansed party.
From Peng Dehuai, the chief who tortured him for opposing Mao’s financial ideology, to Zhao Ziyang, the Prime Minister withdrew from history for wanting to join the opposition when Deng favored guns and tanks, and Zhou Yongkang, a security chief who allegedly threatened Xi climbing only to be arrested for corruption – political cleansing is a respected practice of the CCP.
Here are some of the most famous people who have been cleansed:
Peng Dehuai
One of China’s military leaders, Peng, fell out of favor when he criticized Mao’s Great Leap Forward, an economic program in the late 1950’s that tried to make China a corporate economy by collecting agricultural and metallurgy, but ended up with almost no people. 30 million are starving.
Peng – who led the Chinese military in the Korean War and signed a cease-fire – was appointed defense minister in 1954. But he was fired after saying the Great Leap Forward policy was unreasonable.
He is also one of the first victims of the Cultural Revolution, a major violent campaign launched in 1966 when Mao’s loyal red guards sought to destroy all traces of Chinese culture and defeat the enemies of the incumbent.
Peng was arrested in 1966, arrested and tortured, with the Red Guard beating him until his back was “torn”, according to People’s Daily. He died in 1974 in solitary confinement.
Liu Shaoqi
Considered the successor to Mao, Liu was another prominent figure in the Cultural Revolution.
Liu, who succeeded Mao as Chinese head of state in 1959, was condemned by the Red Guards as a “rebel, disloyal, a scoundrel” and a “capitalist roader” who sought to overthrow communist reforms. In 1968, he was stripped of his privileges and removed from the party.
He died in 1969, but his death was not announced until 1974.
Deng Xiaoping
People pass by the post of former Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping, who launched the country’s ‘Transformation and Optimization’ program in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, December 13, 2018 [File: Thomas Peter/Reuters]
The incumbent CCP, Deng was ousted from the party twice during Mao’s (1949- 1976).
During the Cultural Revolution, Deng’s economic convictions and alliance with Mao’s rivals in the communist leadership, including Liu Shaoqi, led him to become a party. He was later sent to work in a tractor factory.
Mao restored Deng to power in 1973, appointing him as his deputy and giving him government power on a daily basis. But four years later, Mao cleansed Deng again, this time because Mao feared that Deng might change some of his thinking.
Following Mao’s death, Deng became China’s top leader – although he did not hold a senior CCP position – and remained the country’s most powerful man until his death in 1997.
Lin Biao
Chinese Foreign Minister Lin Biao replaced Peng Dehuai as China’s defense minister in 1959.
He played a major role in the Cultural Revolution and was later accepted as Mao’s successor.
But by 1971, Lin and the military gained more political power than Mao imagined, according to Edward JM Rhoads, a professor of history at the University of Texas. Working hard to keep himself clean, Lin devised a plan that failed. The Chinese government later said Lin died on September 13, 1971, in a plane crash in Mongolia while fleeing the Soviet Union.
Jiang Qing
Jiang Qing, the ruthless widow of Chairman Mao Zedong, appears before a special meeting of the Supreme People’s Supreme Court in Beijing on Friday, December 5, 1980 [File: AP]
Mao’s third wife, Jiang Qing and three of his aides were expelled from the party after Mao’s death in 1976.
A member of the Gang of Four, Jiang was arrested and charged with sedition and other counts of sedition for his activities in the Cultural Revolution. The group was accused of killing 34,375 people and torturing thousands.
During the trial, Jiang reportedly said, “I was Chairman Mao’s dog. Anyone who told me to bite him, I bit him.”
Jiang was given a death sentence which later reduced him to life imprisonment.
He died in suicide in 1991.
Chen’s wedding
A political writer in Mao, Chen was a great translator of the ideology of a revolutionary leader.
He was sentenced to 18 years in prison for the crimes committed during the Cultural Revolution.
Hu Yaobang
Former Chinese Communist Party Secretary-General Hu Yaobang, who has not been seen in public since last December and was removed from an important post in January, is also appearing as a member of the Presidium of the National People’s Congress in Beijing, March 25, 1987. Hu lost his post office amid student demands. democracy [Neal Ulevich/AP Photo]
Right-handed to Deng Xiaoping, Hu served as general secretary of the CCP from 1980-87.
In early 1997, after weeks of student protests, Hu was ousted from the party and fired for bourgeois liberalization or western democratic pressures.
It was Hu’s death in 1989 that sparked protests that led students to democracy in Tiananmen Square in Beijing. Hu is also credited with helping restore the fortunes of Xi Zhongxun’s Xi father, who was imprisoned during Mao’s tenure.
“On the 16th anniversary of the birth of the great Xi in the party, and his reinstatement in Guangdong, Hu Yaobang paved the way for the supremacy of the great Xi and continued, and for young Xi to gain power in China today,” Bonnie Girard, China’s new president, said in a statement. of 2018 published in The Diplomat magazine.
Zhao Ziyang
Communist Party General Secretary Zhao Ziyang went to Tiananmen Square to summon the hungry students on the morning of May 19, 1989 [AP Photo/Xinhua]
The leader of the CCP in 1989, Zhao was a reformist who was purged for refusing to declare a constitutional order sent me to war to end democratic protests in Tiananmen Square that year.
“I told myself no matter what, I will not be the general secretary who encouraged the military to harass students,” he later wrote in his diary. On May 19, 1989, Zhao found himself in the early hours of the morning to urge students to leave the area. The next day, martial law was announced in Beijing, and two weeks later, the military moved into the arena. opened the gun, killing hundreds, or thousands of people.
Zhao was arrested and detained at home and was never seen in public.
Its name has been heavily removed from Chinese media, history and website pages.
When he died in 2005, a former writer simply referred to him as a comrade and did not mention that he had helped lead the country for almost 10 years.
Zhou Yongkang
China’s former defense minister, Zhou, has been jailed for life in 2015 for corruption, corruption and abuse of power.
He was a high-profile figure killed by anti-corruption protests against Xi.
Zhou’s son and wife were also arrested in 2016 for bribery. Reuters reports that Chinese officials have seized $ 14.5bn from the Zhou family, arresting or questioning more than 300 members of the Zhou brothers, political allies, proteins and political allies.
This CCTV footage screengrab shows former Chinese security chief Zhou Yongkang, in front, standing trial at the Intermediate People’s Court in Tianjin on June 11, 2015 [CCTV/AFP]
China’s then Minister of Defense Zhou Yongkang will take part in the opening ceremony of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China at the Great Hall of the People, Beijing, October 15, 2007 [File: Jason Lee/ Reuters]
The CCP chief executive later told a party meeting in 2017 that Zhou and five other people had agreed to seize power in Xi. They were prominent politicians Bo Xilai, a member of the Politburo of Sun Zhengcai, former aides to President Ling Jihua, Xu Caihou’s last chief of staff and former Guo Boxiong veteran.
Bo, a former CCP chief in Chongqing, was expelled from the party in 2012 following a embarrassing how his wife was charged with murdering a British businessman. The following year, he was arrested for corruption, bribery, and abuse of power.
Caihou died while being investigated for conspiracy while the three survivors of the anti-Xi plot were also jailed for corruption.
Sun Zhengcai
Sun Zhengcai, a former Chinese political star and contestant in China [File: Wei Yao/AFP]
Sun who was a member of the Politburo, Sun was sentenced to life in prison in 2018 for favorable publicity.
He is sometimes seen as a candidate for the party’s top leadership.
The CCP chief executive told the 2017 Congress Congress that Sun and five others have agreed to seize power in Xi.
Ling Jihua
Former Chinese Deputy President Hu Jintao, Ling was sentenced to life in prison in 2016 for conspiracy, abuse of power and illegal access to government secrets.
His wife testified against him.
Ling Zhengce’s brother, Ling Zhengce, was also sentenced to 12 and a half years in prison each year for bribery.
The CCP chief told the party’s Congress that in 2017 Ling Jihua was one of six people who conspired to seize power from Xi.
Xu Caihou
Xu Caihou, right, Deputy Chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission, which oversees the Chinese military, and Chongqing Secretary of the Party Bo Xilai took part in concluding the National People’s Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. China, March 14, 2012 [File: Vincent Thian/AP]
A former General Secretary to China’s Central Military Commission, Xu was expelled from the CCP in 2014 on false charges of bribery. She died the following year from bladder cancer.
Announcing his death, Chinese military says Xu’s “sad and shameful life” is over.
The CCP chief of staff told the 2017 Congress of the Party that Xu was one of six people who conspired to seize power in Xi.
Guo Boxiong
A former deputy chief of staff of China’s Central Military Commission, Guo was permanently arrested in 2016 for bribery.
The CCP chief of staff told the 2017 Congress Congress that Guo was one of six people who plotted to seize power in Xi.
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